Aspirin

Aspirin: A Comprehensive Overview

What is Aspirin?

Aspirin is a widely used medication known as an NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug). It helps relieve pain, reduce fever, and lower inflammation. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in preventing heart attacks and strokes by thinning the blood. You’ll often find it under brand names such as Bayer, Ecotrin, or Disprin.

Uses of Aspirin

Aspirin has a range of applications, including:

Pain relief: Effective for headaches, muscle pain, arthritis, and toothaches.
Fever reduction: Helps lower fever caused by infections or illness.
Anti-inflammatory: Treats conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Heart health: Low-dose aspirin is used to prevent heart attacks and strokes in individuals at risk by reducing blood clots.

How Does Aspirin Work?

Aspirin blocks an enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX), which produces prostaglandins – substances that cause pain, inflammation, and fever. By inhibiting this enzyme, aspirin reduces these symptoms and, at lower doses, prevents platelets from forming clots in the blood.

Forms and Dosages of Aspirin

Aspirin is available in several forms:

Tablets (commonly 75 mg, 300 mg)
Chewable tablets
Effervescent tablets
Rectal suppositories

Typical Doses:

Pain and fever: 300-600 mg every 4-6 hours as needed.
Heart attack/stroke prevention: 75-100 mg daily (low-dose aspirin).

How Long Does it Take to Work?

Pain and fever relief: 20-30 minutes.
Anti-inflammatory effects: Several days of consistent use.
Blood-thinning effects: Within 1 hour and can last for several days.

Side Effects of Aspirin

While aspirin is safe when used correctly, side effects can occur:

Common side effects:

Stomach upset, heartburn, or nausea
Mild bruising or bleeding

Serious side effects:

Stomach ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding
Allergic reactions (rash, swelling)
Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)

Who Shouldn’t Take Aspirin?

Children under 16: Risk of Reye’s syndrome (a rare but serious condition).
Pregnant women: Particularly during the last trimester.
People with bleeding disorders: Like hemophilia.
Asthmatics: May worsen asthma symptoms in some individuals.
Patients with ulcers: It can exacerbate stomach issues.

Drug Interactions

Blood thinners (e.g., warfarin, clopidogrel): Increases bleeding risk.
NSAIDs (like ibuprofen): Raises the chance of stomach bleeding.
Antihypertensive drugs: May reduce their effectiveness.

How to Take Aspirin Safely

With food: To prevent stomach irritation.
Follow the dosage: Stick to the recommended dose to avoid complications.
Avoid alcohol: Reduces the risk of stomach bleeding.

What to Do in Case of Overdose?

Symptoms of overdose include:

Dizziness
Ringing in the ears
Vomiting
Rapid breathing or confusion

If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.

When to Consult a Doctor?

If you experience severe stomach pain or black stools.
If unusual bleeding or bruising occurs.
If chest pain, swelling, or breathing difficulties develop.